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Revival of ¡°Breathing¡±Beholder: The Ethical Space in Eco-art
Heui-yeong Yi, Art critic
Art and science research director
Seo-Cho Visual Art Institute
This essay purposes to inquiry the spatial characteristics of eco-art composing the features on the art of the 1990s by the concept of the beholder in modern art. Eco-art is concerned in the issue of the environmental crisis and improvement in the whole of nature and human being. Most contemporary ecological artists offer shock, humor, and educational documentation to public by means of ritual, performance, and process drama.
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Robert Smithson, Spiral Jetty, 1969~70 | Their artistic works and movements have been expected and criticized favorably in their creation of the various vocabulary to extend the field of visual art and in their presentation of the effect to cure the environmental crisis. It seems to be, however, incompatible with the formal ethic of modern art because of reliance on the invisible vocabulary and use of the moral ethic in their space.
When men see various visual elements in the world, they conflict the world. They come to the semantic synthesis through the process controling and accepting the confusion of the world in their eyes and mind. Beholder is a person who look at the artistic work earnestly and comprehend aesthetic experience through the process to synthesize complications between his or her real circumstances and artistic one.
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Newton Harrison and Helen Mayer Harrison Braeathing Space for the Sava River | A artist in front of his or her artistic production is most important beholder in himself of herself. The distance between beholder and work of art, therefore, is specific field distinguished form the circumstance in which a person confront with functional thing in common life. Modern art has begun and developed in the discovery of such field and in the birth of such self-conscious spectator. The inconsistencies such as coexistence of invisible element with space and combination of ecological ethic with visual vocabularies may be comprehended and solved in understanding beholder who is the subject of the specific space.
Enviro-art, the cradle of eco-art, in the 1960s, 1970s, and the early 1980s were less concerned with issues and more interested in land and nature as a resource to create earth works or land art. At that time, environmental artists transformed the extremely spatial investigation of gallery art into nature and earth as their artistic medium. The gallery artist's investigation was the artistic recognition on the prosaic space between art work and spectator who look at it.
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Tera Galanti, Beautiful Moths (Fly), surprises viewers with its use of real moths.
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Environmental artist displayed natural objects in gallery settings, modified or rearranged natural components in a natural setting, and the constructed nonfunctional artifacts on natural sites in transformation from gallery artists'. As result enviro-art has offered the conflict and confrontation between the artificial and the natural to beholder. Beholder of enviro-art acknowledge that artifact is ruined by natural power and nature is ruined by human. The perception of beholder at enviro-art is synthesized to ruin.
Eco-art use such ruin as artistic medium.
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Joseph Beuys I Like America and America Likes Me | There are crisis of ruin in the space of eco-art. The perception of Beholder in the space of eco-art is synthesized to desire to revive the life. The ethical space in eco-art visualize beholder's beating sound and breathing sound to desire to healthy life. |